c) The brand new east Jewish languages show several possess: ultimate stress (1), changes from [Theta] to 1 (4), reinterpretation of verb category just like the shape (5), and you can reflexive pronouns according to nos- (17). Speaking of areal has actually and that period the basic split anywhere between Halabja to your one hand and you can Koy Sanjaq and you will Azerbaijan for the most other. This is not clear where dialect every one of them starts, however they are more than likely borrowed in one toward someone else and never inherited in accordance.
These around three biggest groups from isoglosses show merely a little region of one’s facts and that’s brought to bear towards the taxonomy of the NENA dialects. Hoberman (1988, 573), using research out-of pronouns, shows the existence of a northern Iraqi dialect class (here portrayed because of the Zakho, Tisqopa, and you can Aradhin) hence can’t be seen using the restricted investigation presented right here. All it takes now’s both thicker meanings of the dialects already noted, in order that more widespread and you may identifying qualities can be found, and then have field-work so you can checklist the many languages which can be into brink off extinction.
step one Thank you so much are caused by individuals who discussed research and information, such as Gene Gragg, Robert Hoberman, and you will Jo Rubba. E.H. summer stipend.
Instance, f and you will grams have been hired inside terms and conditions particularly etrog ‘citron’ and you may sefer ‘scroll of law’, where about passed down Aramaic words f could have become p and you may grams could have gone away
3 Garbell (1964, 100-103) states that the speakers out-of Jewish Azerbaiaic of Kurdish. This lady number one research for it ‘s the enunciation out of Hebrew financing-terms inside dialect. Hebrew loanwords within the Jewish Azerbaijani maintain certain music that happen to be erased or blended with folks about well-known Neo-Aramaic words. Garbell states these retentions confirm these Hebrew terminology was lent originally within the Kurdish, and therefore a small grouping of Kurdish sound system afterwards shifted in order to Neo-Aramaic. It appears to be more likely that Hebrew issue on the dialect failed to be involved in the fresh new sound changes in concern because of the latest special spiritual sign in that it fall in. They may have changed following come restored on the base of the antique pronunciation regarding nearby groups.
4 An increasing + demonstrates that the second word try noticable into suprasegmental ability ’emphasis’ which is found to some extent in every NENA languages. Phonetically, importance is actually state-of-the-art, but their primary component is actually velarization, and is often as a result of the existence of the emphatic consonants t and s.
7 About dialect regarding Tyari [Theta] have a tendency to gets s. This dialect, which had been spoken before 1915 inside a neighbor hood off Hakkari, isn’t talked about right here since the materials with it is lack of.
8 That isn’t clear whether or not this type can be found from inside the this new Halabja dialect. My informants after that realized it, but said it actually was a lot more characteristic of your nearby city of Suleimaniya. Whatever the case, it’s unfamiliar in the dialect of your Jews of Sanandaj.
nine Robert Hoberman indicates in my opinion that NENA models get now have came from an unattested metathesized e[Theta]peel ezdi.
Boyarin, Daniel. 1981. From inside the Bono Homini Donum: Essays inside the Historical Linguistics within the Recollections off J. Alexander Kerns, ed. Yoel L. Arbeitman and you can Allan Roentgen. Bomhard. Amsterdam Education from the Theory and you will Reputation for Linguistic Research, series IV. Latest Situations during the Linguistic Idea 16. Region II, 613-forty two. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
An inquiry to your Development of Center Aramaic Dialects
Garbell, Irene. 1964. Apartment Conditions and you will Syllables into the Jewish Eastern The brand new Aramaic out of Persian Azerbaijan in addition to Continguous Districts (A dilemma of Multilingualism). During the Degree within the Egyptology and you can Linguistics in honor of H. J. Polotsky, ed. H. B. Rosen, 86-103. Jerusalem: Israel Mining Society.